Atatürk Asklepion'da Bizans Dönemi: Bizans yönetiminde de Bergama, Helen özelliklerini devam ettirmiş ancak eski ününü ve üstünlüğünü yitirmeye başlam

Atatürk Asklepion'da Bizans Dönemi: Bizans yönetiminde de Bergama, Helen özelliklerini devam ettirmiş ancak eski ününü ve üstünlüğünü yitirmeye başlamıştır. Türk Dönemi Kültür Mirası Türk dönemi açısında da önem taşıyan ilçede buna ilişkin eserler de dikkat çekmektedir. Selçuk Minaresi, Ulu Cami, Kurşunlu Cami, Laleli Cami, Ansarlı Cami ve mescitler ibadete ilişkin eserler arasındadır. Bergama'nın hamamları; Tabaklar Hamamı, Küplü Hamam ve Hacı Hakim Hamamı, Çınarlı Hamam olmak üzere dört tanedir. Bergama'da hanlar (Çukurhan, Taşhan, Acerhan, Katırhan) genellikle iki katlı olup, ahşap malzeme kullanılmıştır. Bergama Bedesten'i, Şadırvan Caddesi'nde olup her türlü eşya satıldığı için bu ad verilmiştir. Bergama'daki mezar taşları, sanat tarihi açısından değeri olan, tarihi olaylara ışık tutan, önemli kişilere aittir. Lahit mezarlar İran tarzı ve Barok stili motifler ile işlenmiştir. XVIII. yy.ın sonlarında ise Türk motifleri Rokoko stili ile süslenmiş Bergama, which continued to be an important centre also in the Roman period, was situated in an area between Selinus River and Asclepeion. It preserved its prominence as the centre of episcopacy with the completion of Hadrian and Trajan Temples, and the amphitheatre with a capacity to accommodate 50 thousand people was built on Merak Stream, one of the branches of Selinus River. The remains of the Roman theatre with a capacity of 30 thousand people were uncovered further in the south. 'Viran Kapı' (Ruined Gate) is one of the arches of this theatre which has survived until today. It was determined that Asclepeion, which lived its prime time in the 2nd century A.D., existed since the 4th century B.C. and flourished in the Hellenistic period. Great physicians of the time like Satyros and Galenos lived and lectured in Asclepeion, which was reached in the Roman period through a narrow holy road with columns. Various methods of psychotherapy and physiotherapy, which are still in use today, were practiced in Asclepeion. Water and mud baths, massage, black herbs, creams and ointments were among the notable applications of treatment. In addition, people drank from the holy water, applied fasting and thirst cures and went out jogging in cold weather. How the patients would be cured was revealed to them in their dreams, and there were special sleeping rooms built for this purpose. Ceremonies were held in the theatre and the sound of music was used for psychological treatment. Asclepeion also included three pools for bathing and a fountain for drinking water. Recent analyses revealed that these waters possessed radioactive properties. The God Asclepeion was believed to be the source of cure. Therefore, everything in this area was considered holy. The most prominent and spectacular structure of Asclepeion is the Temple of Asclepeion. Cleopatra Beauty Springs, which have survived from the Ancient period until today, and using of these healing water distinguish Bergama from its counterparts. Asclepeion is one of the first and important health centres in the world, and a second prominent centre called Allionoi (Paşaköy Springs) was recently added to this wealth. There are several legends in Greek mythology related to Asclepeios, the god of cure and medicine. Temple of Serapis Basilica, which was built for the Egyptian Gods, is the biggest structure of ancient Bergama and is called the 'Red Basilica' by the locals due to its red bricks. It is still possible to see the marble arches on the upper parts of the structure. Religious bathing rituals were performed in the pools situated in two sections with towers inside the Temple. The Temple was built Kasım - Aralık / November - December 2009 İZMİR 33